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The inaugural Arbor Day in Australia was held in Adelaide’s south parklands on 20 June 1889 following the first ‘arbor day’ in Nebraska in the United States in 1872. The proposal was backed by several South Australians, including parliamentarian John Cockburn, Bureau of Agriculture Secretary Albert Molineux, Conservator of Forests John Ednie Brown and Friedrich EHW Krichauff, a prominent advocate of scientific agriculture and forestry. Concerned about the rapid loss of vegetation across the South Australian landscape and the need to conserve soils and assist pastoral sustainability, Brown prepared a report on the ‘desirableness for the establishment of an Arbor Day’. After a parade of some 5000 Adelaide school children and dignitaries, a parade of the participants from Victoria Square, the governor, Lord Kintore, and his wife, planted a Bunya Bunya (Araucaria bidwillii) and a Weeping Scotch Elm (Ulmus pendula) that grow today. Representative groups of pupils planted trees in designated areas. While this event has not continued, 100 trees were planted at an Arbor Day centenary ceremony on 20 June 1989 near the original site.

By David S Jones

This entry was first published in The Wakefield companion to South Australian history edited by Wilfrid Prest, Kerrie Round and Carol Fort (Adelaide: Wakefield Press, 2001). Edited lightly and references updated. Uploaded 23 April 2014.

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First Arbor Day Celebration

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Students at Adelaide’s State School plant trees during South Australia’s first Arbor Day celebration, 1889

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: B 1699/A, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/01750/B1699_A.htm, Public Domain

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Lord Kintore, c. 1880. Kintore was Governor of South Australia during the first Arbor Day celebration

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: B 22103/111, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/22250/B22103_111.htm, Public Domain

Parliamentarian Sir John Cockburn, a proponent of South Australia’s first Arbor Day celebration, c. 1890

History SA. South Australian Government Photographic Collection, GN01429

Friedrich Krichauff, an advocate of agriculture and forestry who supported South Australia’s inaugural Arbor Day celebration

History SA. South Australian Government Photographic Collection, GN01446

Conservator of Forests John Ednie Brown, an enthusiastic advocate of South Australia's inaugural Arbor Day celebration

Image courtesy of the Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA

South Australian Arbor Day Celebrations

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Children plant a tree in an Adelaide street during an Arbor Day celebration, 1923

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/36/59, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/36/PRG280_1_36_59.htm, Public Domain

Governor of South Australia, Sir Day Bosanquet, plants a tree on Arbor Day in Houghton, South Australia, c. 1913

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/14/65, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/14/PRG280_1_14_65.htm, Public Domain

Lady Bosanquet, wife of South Australia’s Governor, participates in Arbor Day celebrations at Houghton, South Australia, 1913

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/7/254, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/07/PRG280_1_7_254.htm, Public Domain

An unidentified woman (possibly the South Australian Governor’s wife) plants a tree during Arbor Day celebrations, c. 1914

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/10/391, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/10/PRG280_1_10_391.htm, Public Domain

Sir Archibald Weigall, Governor of South Australia, planting a tree during an Arbor Day ceremony, c. 1922

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/36/105, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/36/PRG280_1_36_105.htm, Public Domain

An unidentified man plants a tree during Arbor Day celebrations, c. 1912

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/11/462, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/11/PRG280_1_11_462.htm, Public Domain

A group of men and boys, many carrying shovels and spades, prepare to take part in Arbor Day celebrations, c. 1918

Image courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, SLSA: PRG 280/1/15/324, http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/searcy/15/PRG280_1_15_324.htm, Public Domain

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